Advancing Forensic Medicine Through Legislative Reform and Institutional Modernization: Toward Global Standards of Practice

Hashim Fagiry   ( Independent Forensic Medicine Consultant )

Abstract

He forensic medicine system    continues to face deep structural challenges arising from the absence of a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework. Deficiencies in policies governing evidence collection, preservation, chain-of-custody procedures, and accountability mechanisms have undermined adherence to international forensic standards. Political interference and administrative fragmentation further compromise the reliability, transparency, and independence of forensic investigations.

This study adopts a qualitative exploratory approach, integrating the professional and field-based insights of a forensic consultant with a thematic review of policy documents, academic literature, and non-governmental reports. The analysis focuses on identifying systemic gaps, ethical violations, and operational inefficiencies, while comparing national practices with international forensic standards to propose feasible reforms.

Findings reveal a backlog of approximately 4,000 unidentified bodies accumulated in major morgues between 2019 and 2023, with fewer than 50 autopsies conducted during that period. The causes include inadequate legal authority for forensic operations, limited infrastructure, outdated training curricula, and a severe shortage of skilled personnel. Modernizing curricula, introducing certification systems, and implementing standardized evidence-handling protocols could reduce this backlog by nearly 75%.

The study concludes that comprehensive legislative reform and the establishment of independent oversight mechanisms are critical to strengthening forensic governance, improving operational efficiency, and restoring public confidence. Aligning forensic practice with global standards is vital not only for justice delivery but also for supporting transitional justice and human rights accountability