Global Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Monica Perez¹, Thomas Becker², Giulia Romano³, Felipe Torres⁴, Emily Wright⁵

Authors

Keywords:

Antimicrobial Resistance, Public Health, Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, Global Health

Abstract

Background:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a global health threat, complicating the treatment of infectious diseases. Understanding geographic and temporal trends is crucial for effective public health interventions.

Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, encompassing 142 studies from 2015 to 2024 across 54 countries. Data on resistance rates for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were extracted. Random-effects modeling was used to estimate pooled resistance rates and assess temporal trends.

Results:
Globally, AMR rates increased by an average of 4.3% annually, with the highest growth observed in low- and middle-income countries (p < 0.001). E. coli resistance to fluoroquinolones reached 39%, while S. aureus showed a 21% resistance rate to methicillin. Temporal analysis revealed a linear escalation in resistance rates, correlating with antibiotic consumption patterns.

Conclusion:
AMR continues to rise globally, particularly in resource-limited settings. Enhanced surveillance, rational antibiotic use, and global cooperation are essential to curb resistance trends.

e

Published

2025-07-17

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Section

Articles

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How to Cite

Global Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Monica Perez¹, Thomas Becker², Giulia Romano³, Felipe Torres⁴, Emily Wright⁵. (2025). International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health , 4(5). https://www.wos-emr.net/index.php/IJHEH/article/view/72

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